The Heterogeneous Nature of the Warm Ionized Medium in the Galaxy


Gregory Madsen

University of Wisconsin, Madison

 
Abstract
The warm ionized medium (WIM) is an important component of the interstellar medium in our Galaxy, characterized by its low density (~0.1 cm^-3), warm temperature (T ~ 10^4 K), and large scale height (~1 kpc). However, the origin and physical conditions within the WIM are not well understood. Basic questions such as how the WIM is ionized and heated have yet to be fully answered. In this talk, I will present new multiple emission line observations of [N II], [S II], and [O III] toward a variety of newly revealed H-alpha emitting structures in the WIM, obtained with the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM). These features span a wide range in surface brightness, scale, environment, and morphology. By comparing the relative strengths of the emission lines, we infer the temperature and ionization conditions within the emitting gas and their variations between the different emission regions. We find that in the WIM, the gas is warmer, in a lower ionization state, and ionized by a softer spectrum than the gas in classical H II regions surrounding O stars, the presumed ionization source for the WIM, and discuss the implications this has for the nature and origin of the WIM.